Industrial spray application guide
Flue Gas Desulfurization Spray Nozzles
FGD spray nozzles distribute absorbent slurry through an absorber so gas and liquid can contact each other. Nozzle selection is part of the complete absorber design and does not by itself establish emissions compliance.
Engineering focus
What the spray system must accomplish
Wet FGD service combines high flow, suspended solids, erosion, corrosion and coverage requirements. The practical design balances droplet surface area, residence time, pressure loss, free passage, header layout and maintainability.
Inputs required before selection
- Gas flow, absorber diameter and spray-bank arrangement
- Slurry chemistry, density, solids and particle size
- Required flow range, pressure and turn-down
- Material, erosion allowance and maintenance access
- Connection, installation space and maintenance access
- Required documentation, test method and acceptance criteria
Comparison
Practical nozzle starting points
| Nozzle approach | Useful starting condition | What to verify |
|---|---|---|
| Large free-passage full cone | Absorber zones requiring volumetric coverage | Verify distribution and erosion at actual slurry conditions |
| Hollow-cone/tangential design | High-flow absorber duties where residence time matters | Check wall wetting and bank interaction |
| Spiral spray | Open-passage service with plugging concern | Confirm actual distribution rather than selecting by passage alone |
Review method
How to move from requirement to a defensible selection
- Define the process envelope. Record normal, minimum, maximum and upset conditions rather than one nominal point.
- Choose the spray function. State whether the job is coverage, impact, atomization, evaporation, gas–liquid contact, washing or cooling.
- Check distribution in the real geometry. Review spacing, overlap, obstructions, wall contact, drainage and access.
- Validate materials and maintenance. Consider corrosion, erosion, solids, filtration, cleaning and replacement intervals.
- Set an acceptance test. Use an observable measure such as coverage, flow, temperature profile, pressure, droplet data or process result.
Related applications
Technical references
These sources define process or system context. Product suitability still requires project-specific engineering review.
- U.S. EPA — Spray-Chamber / Spray-Tower Wet Scrubber fact sheet
- BETE — Pollution-control spray applications
Last technical review: 31 July 2026
RFQ checklist
Send the operating data, not just a nozzle name
Include the application, fluid, flow, pressure, temperature, spray distance, connection, material preference, drawings and acceptance criteria.